COMMERCIAL FORESTRY USES 

​1. Timber and Construction TreesThese trees are grown for their durable wood, used in construction, furniture, and other structural applications.

• Teak (Tectona grandis):
  • Uses: High-quality furniture, shipbuilding, and flooring due to its water-resistant properties.
• Mahogany (Swietenia spp.):
  • Uses: Fine furniture, paneling, and musical instruments.
• Pine (Pinus spp.):
  • Uses: Construction timber, paper pulp, and plywood.
• Oak (Quercus spp.):
  • Uses: Flooring, barrels, and fine furniture.
• Rosewood (Dalbergia spp.):
  • Uses: Luxury furniture, musical instruments, and carvings.

2. Pulpwood TreesCultivated specifically for the paper and packaging industries.

• Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus):
  • Uses: Pulp production, firewood, and essential oils.
• Poplar (Populus spp.):
  • Uses: Paper production and plywood.
• Bamboo (Bambusoideae):
  • Uses: Paper pulp, construction material, and handicrafts.

3. Fuelwood and Charcoal TreesThese trees provide energy in the form of firewood or charcoal.

• Acacia (Acacia spp.):
  • Uses: Firewood, charcoal, and erosion control.
• Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala):
  • Uses: Firewood, fodder, and nitrogen fixation.
• Prosopis (Prosopis juliflora):
  • Uses: Charcoal production and desert greening.
• Casuarina (Casuarina spp.):
  • Uses: Fuelwood, poles, and windbreaks.

4. Non-Timber Product TreesThese trees are grown for products like latex, resins, and fruits.

• Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis):
  • Uses: Latex for tires, gloves, and other rubber products.
• Neem (Azadirachta indica):
  • Uses: Neem oil, bio-pesticides, and medicinal products.
• Frankincense (Boswellia spp.):
  • Uses: Aromatic resin for incense and perfumes.
• Coconut Palm (Cocos nucifera):
  • Uses: Coconut oil, coir, and edible fruits.

5. Medicinal and Aromatic TreesCultivated for their therapeutic and aromatic properties.

• Sandalwood (Santalum album):
  • Uses: Perfume, incense, and Ayurvedic medicine.
• Cinchona (Cinchona spp.):
  • Uses: Quinine production for treating malaria.
• Willow (Salix spp.):
  • Uses: Contains salicin, a precursor to aspirin.
• Amla (Phyllanthus emblica):
  • Uses: Vitamin C-rich fruit used in Ayurvedic medicine.

6. Agroforestry and Multipurpose TreesThese trees are integrated into farming systems to support agriculture.

• Mulberry (Morus spp.):
  • Uses: Leaves for silkworm rearing, fruit, and wood.
• Sesbania (Sesbania spp.):
  • Uses: Green manure, fodder, and erosion control.
• Moringa (Moringa oleifera):
  • Uses: Edible leaves, pods, and medicinal oil.
• Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis):
  • Uses: Palm oil production for food and cosmetics.

7. Industrial Raw Material Trees
These trees provide materials for specific industries.

• Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis):
  • Uses: Latex for manufacturing rubber goods.
• Cork Oak (Quercus suber):
  • Uses: Cork for wine stoppers and insulation.
• Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.):
  • Uses: Wood chips for bioenergy and industrial oils.
• Bamboo (Bambusoideae):
  • Uses: Construction, furniture, and textiles.

8. Fast-Growing Commercial Trees
Chosen for quick economic returns, these trees are ideal for short rotations.

• Paulownia (Paulownia spp.):
  • Uses: Lightweight timber and biomass.
• Poplar (Populus spp.):
  • Uses: Pulpwood, plywood, and construction.
• Bamboo (Bambusoideae):
  • Uses: Versatile for paper, housing, and crafts.

Factors Influencing the Selection of Commercial Trees

1. Climate and Soil:
   • Species must be suited to the local environment for optimal growth.
2. Market Demand:
   • High-demand products like teak, rubber, or eucalyptus fetch better returns.
3. Growth Rate:
   • Fast-growing species provide quicker economic benefits.
4. Sustainability:
   • Reforestation and rotation practices ensure long-term productivity.